Axis Screw Fixation – A Step-by-Step Review of the Surgical Techniques
نویسندگان
چکیده
Fixation of the axis may be necessary in cases of atlantoaxial instability, secondary to different causes, such as congenital, trauma, neoplasm or inflammatory diseases.1 Additionally, the axis may be included in the spinal instrumentation procedure requiring occipitocervical stabilization or even extension of the subaxial cervical spine surgeries.1 The classic fixation of the atlantoaxial region, based on wiring techniques, such as those described by Brooks-Jenkis, Sonntag, Gallie, and their variations, were associated with a high rate of nonunion (up to 30% of the patients), and the need of wearing a postoperative cervical brace (such as a rigid cervical collar or a halo-vest) because of their limited ability to restrict C1-2 motion properly.2–5 Due to these limitations, modern fixation of the axis is mainly based on more rigid constructions, based on instrumentation of the axis using polyaxial screws.1,6
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